Overview
Cupric oxide (CuO) is a black, solid inorganic compound with significant industrial and scientific applications. It is commonly used in ceramics, electronics, and catalysts, as well as in chemical synthesis.
Chemical and Physical Properties
General Information
– Chemical Formula: CuO
– Molecular Weight: 79.55 g/mol
– CAS Number: 1317-38-0
– Appearance: Black or dark brown powder
– Density: 6.31 g/cm³
– Melting Point: 1,326°C (2,419°F)
– Boiling Point: Decomposes before reaching boiling point
– Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in acids and ammonium solutions
Methods of Production
Thermal Oxidation
Cupric oxide can be synthesized by heating copper metal or cuprous oxide (Cu₂O) in an oxygen-rich environment:
\[ 2Cu + O_2 \rightarrow 2CuO \]
Chemical Precipitation
Another method involves the precipitation of copper hydroxide from a copper salt solution, followed by thermal decomposition:
\[ Cu(OH)_2 \rightarrow CuO + H_2O \]
Industrial and Scientific Applications
Industrial Uses
– Ceramics & Glass Manufacturing: Used as a pigment and glaze colorant.
– Electronics: Functions as a component in semiconductors and superconductors.
– Catalysis: Used in oxidation and reduction reactions in industrial processes.
– Battery Technology: Integral to lithium-ion and other rechargeable battery systems.
Laboratory & Research Applications
– Chemical Reagent: Utilized in analytical chemistry and material synthesis.
– Nanotechnology: Employed in nanomaterial research for advanced applications.
Safety and Handling Precautions
Health Hazards
– Inhalation: May cause respiratory irritation.
– Skin Contact: Can lead to mild skin irritation.
– Eye Contact: May result in irritation and discomfort.
– Environmental Impact: Toxic to aquatic organisms; proper disposal is required.
Storage & Disposal
– Storage: Store in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry location.
– Disposal: Follow local and federal guidelines for hazardous material disposal.
Conclusion
Cupric oxide is a valuable compound with broad applications in science, industry, and technology. Its high purity in ACS grade ensures its suitability for research and industrial applications, making it a crucial material in multiple domains.